INCA - Flow Stability, Transition and Control

Hu, W., Hickel, S., van Oudheusden, B.W. (2022)
Journal of Fluid Mechanics 949: A2. doi: 10.1017/jfm.2022.737

The flow over a forward-facing step (FFS) at Ma_∞=1.7 and Re_𝛿 = 13 718 is investigated by well-resolved large-eddy simulation. To investigate effects of upstream flow structures and turbulence on the low-frequency dynamics of the shock wave/boundary layer interaction (SWBLI), two cases are considered: one with a laminar inflow and one with a turbulent inflow.

Casacuberta, J., Hickel, S., Westerbeek, S., Kotsonis, M. (2022)
Journal of Fluid Mechanics 943: A46. doi: 10.1017/jfm.2022.456

The interaction between forward-facing steps of several heights and a pre-existing critical stationary crossflow instability of a swept-wing boundary layer is analysed.

Casacuberta, J., Groot, K.J., Hickel, S., Kotsonis, M. (2022)
SciTech Forum and Exposition, San Diego. AIAA paper 2022-2330, doi: 10.2514/6.2022-2330

The evolution of secondary instabilities in a three-dimensional stationary-crossflow-dominated boundary layer is investigated by means of Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) and linear spanwise BiGlobal stability analysis. Single-frequency unsteady disturbances and a critical stationary crossflow mode are considered.

Casacuberta, J., Hickel, S., Kotsonis, M. (2021)
AIAA Scitech paper 2021-0854. doi: 10.2514/6.2021-0854

We study the interaction between a stationary crossflow instability and forward-facing steps in a swept-wing boundary layer using Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS). The station- ary primary crossflow mode is imposed at the inflow. Steps of several heights are modeled.

Hu, W., Hickel, S., van Oudheusden, B.W. (2021)
Journal of Fluid Mechanics 915: A107. doi: 10.1017/jfm.2021.95

The low-frequency unsteady motions behind a backward-facing step (BFS) in a turbulent flow at Ma=1.7 and Re_∞=1.3718×10⁷ m⁻¹ are investigated using a well-resolved large-eddy simulation.

Pestana, T., Thalhammer, M., Hickel, S. (2020)
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 77: 3193-3210. doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-19-0342.1

We present direct numerical simulations of inertia–gravity waves breaking in the middle–upper mesosphere. We consider two different altitudes, which correspond to the Reynolds number of 28 647 and 114 591 based on wavelength and buoyancy period. While the former was studied by Remmler et al., it is here repeated at a higher resolution and serves as a baseline for comparison with the high-Reynolds-number case.

Hu, W., Hickel, S., van Oudheusden, B.W. (2020)
Phys. Fluids 32: 056102. doi: 10.1063/5.0005431

The development of primary and secondary instabilities is investigated numerically for a supersonic transitional flow over a backward-facing step at Ma = 1.7 and Re_δ=13718. Oblique Tollmien–Schlichting (T–S) waves with properties according to linear stability theory (LST) are introduced at the domain inlet with zero, low, or high amplitude (cases ZA, LA, and HA).

Laguarda, L., Hickel, S., Schrijer, F.J., van Oudheusden, B.W. (2020)
Journal of Fluid Mechanics 888: A18. doi: 10.1017/jfm.2020.28

The response of asymmetric and planar shock interactions to a continuous excitation of the lower incident shock is investigated numerically. Incident shock waves and centred expansion fans are generated by two wedges asymmetrically deflecting the inviscid free stream flow at Mach 3.

Casacuberta, J., Groot, K.J., Ye, Q., Hickel, S. (2020)
Flow Turbulence and Combustion 104: 533-552. doi: 10.1007/s10494-019-00085-1

Micro-ramps are popular passive flow control devices which can delay flow separation by re-energising the lower portion of the boundary layer. We compute the laminar base flow, the instantaneous transitional flow, and the mean flow around a micro-ramp immersed in a quasi-incompressible boundary layer at supercritical roughness Reynolds number.

Casacuberta, J., Groot, K.J., Tol, H.J., Hickel, S. (2018)
Journal of Computational Physics 375: 481-497. doi: 10.1016/j.jcp.2018.08.056

Selective Frequency Damping (SFD) is a popular method for the computation of globally unstable steady-state solutions in fluid dynamics. The approach has two model parameters whose selection is generally unclear. In this article, a detailed analysis of the influence of these parameters is presented, answering several open questions with regard to the effectiveness, optimum efficiency and limitations of the method.

Remmler, S., Hickel, S., Fruman, M.D., Achatz, U. (2015)
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 72: 3537-3562. doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-14-0321.1

To reduce the computational costs of numerical studies of gravity wave breaking in the atmosphere, the grid resolution has to be reduced as much as possible. Insufficient resolution of small-scale turbulence demands a proper turbulence parameterization in the framework of a large-eddy simulation (LES). We consider three different LES methods—the adaptive local deconvolution method (ALDM), the dynamic Smagorinsky method (DSM), and a naïve central discretization without turbulence parameterization (CDS4)—for three different cases of the breaking of well-defined monochromatic gravity waves.

Matheis, J., Hickel, S. (2015)
Journal of Fluid Mechanics 776: 200-234. doi: 10.1017/jfm.2015.319

The reflection of strong oblique shock waves at turbulent boundary layers is studied numerically and analytically. A particular emphasis is put on the transition between regular shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction (SWBLI) and Mach reflection (irregular SWBLI). The classical two- and three-shock theory and a generalised form of the free interaction theory are used for the analysis of well-resolved large-eddy simulations (LES) and for the derivation of stability criteria.

Vincze, M., Borchert, S., Achatz, U., Von Larcher, T., Baumann, M., Liersch, C., Remmler, S., Beck, T., Alexandrov, K.D., Egbers, C., Fröhlich, J., Heuveline, V., Hickel, S., Harlander, U. (2015)
Meteorologische Zeitschrift 23: 611-635. doi: 10.1127/metz/2014/0600

The differentially heated rotating annulus is a widely studied tabletop-size laboratory model of the general mid-latitude atmospheric circulation. The two most relevant factors of cyclogenesis, namely rotation and meridional temperature gradient are quite well captured in this simple arrangement. The radial temperature difference in the cylindrical tank and its rotation rate can be set so that the isothermal surfaces in the bulk tilt, leading to the formation of baroclinic waves.

Fruman, M.D., Remmler, S., Achatz, U., Hickel, S. (2014)
Journal of Geophysical Research 119: 11613-11640. doi: 10.1002/2014JD022046

A systematic approach to the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of breaking upper mesospheric inertia-gravity waves of amplitude close to or above the threshold for static instability is presented. Normal mode or singular vector analysis applied in a frame of reference moving with the phase velocity of the wave (in which the wave is a steady solution) is used to determine the most likely scale and structure of the primary instability

Pasquariello, V., Grilli, M., Hickel, S., Adams, N.A. (2014)
International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 49: 116-127. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2014.04.005

We investigate a passive flow-control technique for the interaction of an oblique shock generated by an 8.8° wedge with a turbulent boundary-layer at a free-stream Mach number of Ma_∞= 2.3 ${Ma}_{\infty} = 2.3$ and a Reynolds number based on the incoming boundary-layer thickness of Re_δ = 60 500 ${Re}_{δ_{0}} = 60.5 \times 10^{3}$ by means of large-eddy simulation (LES).

Muraschko, J., Fruman, M.D., Achatz, U., Hickel, S., Toledo, Y. (2015)
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 141: 676-697. doi: 10.1002/qj.2381

The dynamics of internal gravity waves is modelled using Wentzel–Kramer–Brillouin (WKB) theory in position–wave number phase space. A transport equation for the phase-space wave-action density is derived for describing one-dimensional wave fields in a background with height-dependent stratification and height- and time-dependent horizontal-mean horizontal wind, where the mean wind is coupled to the waves through the divergence of the mean vertical flux of horizontal momentum associated with the waves.

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